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Ahmad Rahmani

احمد رحمانی، جواد صالحی، زهرا کاغذچی
Effect of short-term Goal-Setting on Ball Aiming Task Performance of mentally Retarded individuals
تاثیر هدف گزینی کوتاه مدت بر اجرای تکلیف هدف¬گیری با توپ در افراد کم توان ذهنی
Abstract


Mentally retarded children have little opportunity for training motor skills. There is limited research into the impact of goal setting and self-talk on perceptual- motor task performance of mentally retarded persons. This study was designed to examine the effects of goal setting (GS) and self-talk (ST) on learning of ball throwing task performance in mentally retarded adolescents. The study included 32 mentally retarded male students (aged from 12 to 17). Subjects were randomly assigned to treatments (ST, GS, and ST_GS) or control groups (8 in each group). Short term goals were determined for GT group and motivational self-talk was provided for ST group in each training session. Also, GS-ST subjects were exposed to both interventions. However, Subjects in control groups didn’t receive any psychological interventions. All groups performed the aiming task for 4 weeks (two sessions a week). Retention test were performed immediately and 72 hours after the last training session respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPANOVA and ANOVA tests. Results demonstrated no significant beneficial effects on task acquisition and retentions. However, GS impaired task performance in immediate retention compared to control condition. Also, ST had non-significant positive effect on immediate and delay task retention.   The findings of our study indicate that providing AWMR with goal setting programs may complicate the process of motor task learning for them.

 

 

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